SOCIOLINGUISTICS
Student Number : 14611001
Name : Melasari
Instruction : answer all questions given
below in a not separate paper.
1.
What are the
differences mentioned in regional dialects?
2.
How are social
dialect defined?
3.
How have pidgins
and creoles been viewed?
4.
It is possible to
refer to a language or a variety of a language as a code. Why is the term
useful?
5.
An individual also
has a speech repertoire, that is he or she controls a number of varieties of a
language or of two or more languages. Quite often, many individuals will have
virtually identical repertoires. In this case how is speech repertoire defined
based on platt and platt (1975,p. 35) ?
6.
Many languages
have a distinction corresponding to the tu-vous (T/V) distinction in French,
where grammatically theren is a singular you tu (T) and a plural you ‘ vous (V)
but usage requires that you use vous with individuals on certain occasions. How
are they related with solidarity and politeness?
7.
For convenience,
Hymes uses the world SPEAKING as an acronym for the various factors he deems to
be relevant. What are they?
8.
According to Searle
(1969, pp. 23-4), we perform different kinds of acts when we speak . the
utterances we use are locutions. Most locutions express some intent that a
speaker has. They are illocutionary acts and have an illocutionary force. Illocutions
also often cause listeners to do things. To that extent they are perlocutions,
explain each in brief?!
9.
Grice (1975,p .
45) maintains that the overriding principle in conversation is one he calls the
cooperative principle!
10.
What are the five
categories of performative divided by Austin? Give explanation of each
category!
Answer
1.
Regional dialects are language use in geographical
area, every region has different dialects, for example : in English has Philadelphia English , Britain
English, And Liverpool English . regional dialects used within a group in a
region.
2.
Social dialect are defined based on social level
of education, class, in communicating to the same level, the dialect will be
different within social group.
3.
Pidgin is a language used by the people who have
no language in common, a pidgin becomes
native language called creole.
4.
Code is convert , the words of a message into a particular code in order to convey a secret meaning.
5.
Speech repertoires is a person ability to
control a number of variety of language . speech repertoires identity : person
has its own characteristics and it can be generalized it wont be easy because
every individual has different repertoires.
6.
Vous refers to polite usage of language. Sometimes,
vous is used to speak to strangers. Vous related to politeness such as in
formal occasion. Tu refers to
solidarity, tu usually used to speak with children , and people in the same year.
7.
S : setting or Scene , the speaker takes place
P : participant,
speaker, listener, adresse- addresser, send-receiver
E : ends, personal
goals
A : act sequence,
choosing word to be used, how they used
K : Key
I :
instrumentalities, dialect , style, register
N : norms, social,
formal
G : genre, poems and
the other example usage
8.
Locutioanary is all the utterances ,
illocutionary Is asking someone to do something , for example : its very bad
moment . the effect of illocutionary is perlocutionarry force , for example :
the example above forces someone to do something . like probably open the door
or turn on thye lamp.
9.
Grice cooperative principle :
Quantity : as informative as
possible
Quality : do not say what you
believe to be false
Relation : be relevant
Manner :avoid ambiguity
10.
Performative categories by Austin :
a.
Exercitives : existing power
Example : having someone because she / he has power to
decide
b.
Expositives : having to do with utterance
Example : I argue, I
reply
c.
Commisive : promising or undertaking something
to do
d.
Behabitives :expressing argument , for example
expressing congratulating.
e.
Verdictives : prediction assumption,
Example : someone
is predict to get a score .
No comments:
Post a Comment